# Sanitary Pad Raw Material Composition and Properties

## Introduction to Sanitary Pad Materials

Sanitary pads are essential feminine hygiene products designed to absorb menstrual flow. The quality and performance of these products largely depend on their raw material composition. Understanding the materials used in sanitary pad production helps consumers make informed choices and manufacturers improve product quality.

## Core Components of Sanitary Pad Materials

### 1. Top Sheet (Cover Layer)

The top sheet is the layer that comes in direct contact with the skin. It’s typically made from:

– Non-woven fabric (polypropylene or polyethylene)
– Perforated film
– Cotton-like materials

Key properties: Softness, breathability, and quick-dry capability

### 2. Absorbent Core

This is the most critical component that determines absorption capacity. Common materials include:

– Fluff pulp (wood cellulose)
– Superabsorbent polymers (SAP)
– Combination of both

SAP can absorb many times its weight in liquid, making modern pads thinner yet more effective.

### 3. Back Sheet

The back sheet prevents leakage and is usually composed of:

– Polyethylene film
– Breathable microporous film
– Non-woven fabric composites

Properties: Liquid-proof, flexible, and comfortable

### 4. Adhesive Components

These include:

– Pressure-sensitive adhesive for pad attachment to underwear
– Hot melt adhesive for layer bonding

## Material Properties and Performance Factors

### Absorption Capacity

The combination of fluff pulp and SAP determines how much fluid the pad can hold. High-quality pads use optimized ratios for maximum absorption.

### Comfort and Skin-Friendliness

Materials must be:

– Hypoallergenic
– Free from harmful chemicals
– Soft and non-irritating
– Breathable to prevent moisture buildup

### Environmental Considerations

Eco-friendly alternatives are gaining popularity:

– Biodegradable materials
– Organic cotton top sheets
– Plant-based SAP

## Safety Standards and Regulations

Sanitary pad materials must comply with:

– FDA regulations (for US market)
– European Union standards
– Local health authority requirements

Manufacturers must ensure materials are free from:

– Harmful chemicals
– Toxic dyes
– Allergenic substances

## Future Trends in Sanitary Pad Materials

Innovations include:

– Antibacterial treatments
– Odor-control technologies
– Sustainable and compostable materials
– Smart pads with moisture sensors

Understanding the composition and properties of sanitary pad raw materials helps consumers choose products that offer comfort, safety, and environmental responsibility while meeting their specific needs.