# Sanitary Napkins Raw Material Composition and Properties

Sanitary napkins, also known as sanitary pads, are essential feminine hygiene products designed to absorb menstrual flow. The effectiveness and comfort of these products largely depend on the raw materials used in their construction. Understanding the composition and properties of these materials is crucial for both manufacturers and consumers.

## Core Components of Sanitary Napkins

The primary raw materials used in the production of sanitary napkins include:

– **Absorbent Core**: Typically made from wood pulp or superabsorbent polymers (SAP), this layer is responsible for absorbing and retaining menstrual fluid.
– **Top Sheet**: This is the layer that comes into direct contact with the skin. It is usually made from non-woven fabric or perforated film to ensure comfort and quick absorption.
– **Back Sheet**: The back sheet is a waterproof layer, often made from polyethylene or polypropylene, which prevents leakage.
– **Adhesive**: A pressure-sensitive adhesive is used to keep the napkin in place within the underwear.
– **Release Paper**: This is a protective layer that covers the adhesive before use.

## Properties of Raw Materials

Each component of a sanitary napkin has specific properties that contribute to the overall functionality of the product:

– **Absorbent Core**: High absorbency, quick absorption rate, and good retention capacity are essential properties. SAPs, for instance, can absorb many times their weight in liquid.
– **Top Sheet**: Softness, breathability, and hypoallergenic properties are crucial to prevent skin irritation and ensure comfort.
– **Back Sheet**: Impermeability to liquids and flexibility are key to prevent leaks and allow for comfortable movement.
– **Adhesive**: Strong adhesion to fabric, yet easy removal without leaving residue, is important for user convenience.
– **Release Paper**: Easy to peel off without damaging the adhesive layer.

## Environmental Considerations

With increasing awareness of environmental issues, the choice of raw materials for sanitary napkins is also influenced by their environmental impact. Biodegradable materials and those derived from sustainable sources are becoming more popular. For example, some manufacturers are exploring the use of organic cotton for the top sheet and biodegradable SAPs for the absorbent core.

## Conclusion

The composition and properties of raw materials used in sanitary napkins play a pivotal role in determining their effectiveness, comfort, and environmental impact. As technology advances, we can expect to see more innovations in the materials used, leading to even better products that meet the needs of consumers while also addressing environmental concerns.