# Sanitary Pad Raw Material Composition and Properties

## Introduction to Sanitary Pad Materials

Sanitary pads are essential feminine hygiene products designed to absorb menstrual flow. The effectiveness and comfort of these products largely depend on the quality and composition of their raw materials. Modern sanitary pads consist of multiple layers, each serving a specific purpose in absorption, protection, and comfort.

## Core Components of Sanitary Pads

### 1. Top Sheet (Cover Stock)

The top sheet is the layer that comes in direct contact with the skin. It’s typically made from:

– Polypropylene non-woven fabric
– Perforated plastic film
– Cotton-like materials

Key properties:
– Soft and non-irritating
– Quick-drying surface
– Allows liquid to pass through easily

### 2. Absorbent Core

This is the most crucial layer responsible for fluid absorption. Common materials include:

– Fluff pulp (wood cellulose)
– Superabsorbent polymers (SAP)
– Combination of both

Absorption capacity:
– Fluff pulp: 10-15 times its weight
– SAP: can absorb 30-60 times its weight

### 3. Back Sheet

The waterproof layer that prevents leakage:

– Polyethylene film
– Breathable microporous film
– Non-woven fabric with PE coating

– Liquid-proof
– Flexible
– Some offer breathability

### 4. Adhesive Components

– Pressure-sensitive adhesive for pad attachment
– Hot melt adhesive for layer bonding

## Additional Features in Premium Pads

### 1. Side Barriers

– Prevent side leakage
– Made from elastic materials
– Often contain SAP for extra absorption

### 2. Fragrance Components

– Some pads include odor-control agents
– Typically microencapsulated fragrances
– May cause irritation for sensitive skin

### 3. Wetness Indicators

– Color-changing strips
– Help users know when to change

## Material Safety Considerations

All sanitary pad materials must meet strict safety standards:

– Hypoallergenic

– Free from harmful chemicals
– Dermatologically tested
– Biocompatible

## Environmental Considerations

Recent developments focus on eco-friendly alternatives:

– Organic cotton top sheets
– Biodegradable back sheets
– Plant-based SAP
– Chlorine-free fluff pulp

## Conclusion

Understanding sanitary pad raw materials helps consumers make informed choices about comfort, absorption, and safety. Manufacturers continue to innovate with new materials that offer better performance while addressing environmental concerns. The combination of proper material selection and advanced manufacturing techniques ensures that modern sanitary pads provide reliable protection and comfort during menstruation.